What are the fundamental strategies used by terrorists for attacking aviation?

The fundamental strategies used by terrorists for attacking aviation primarily include hijackings, bombings, and airport attacks. Hijackings involve seizing control of an aircraft to use it as a weapon or to gain leverage for demands, which has been a prominent tactic since the late 20th century. Bombings can target aircraft in flight or within airports, leading to mass casualties and disruption. Additionally, airport attacks are designed to inflict maximum damage and chaos in a densely populated area where there are significant numbers of travelers.

These methods directly impact the aviation sector, creating fear and instability within the transportation system. This is distinct from the other options, which do not focus specifically on aviation-related scenarios or include strategies more aligned with cyber or broader political activities.