What major event led to the establishment of the 33rd session of the ICAO Assembly in September 2001?

The establishment of the 33rd session of the ICAO Assembly in September 2001 was primarily driven by rising global concerns about the threats posed by weapons of mass destruction. This session followed shortly after the significant terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, which highlighted gaps in aviation security and underscored the need for a coordinated international response to enhance security measures in air travel.

The focus was on addressing potential threats and improving aviation security to prevent such catastrophic events in the future. The ICAO Assembly aimed to develop and implement new policies and strategies to strengthen global air transportation security frameworks and mitigate risks associated with terrorism and other threats. This event essentially mobilized international cooperation and discussion around necessary regulations and initiatives to ensure the safety and security of civil aviation.